“Telling an introvert to go to a
party is like telling a saint to go to Hell.” ― Criss Jami
I always
get the same result on the Myers-Briggs personality test. INTJ (Introversion, Intuition, Thinking,
Judgment), scoring really high on the introvert scale. According to the
Wikipedia article, INTJs are one of the more rare of the sixteen possible
combinations of personality types on this test, accounting for about one to
four percent of the population. Which
makes me either crazy or really unique, or maybe a little of both. Apparently we make really great scientists,
but that’s something I never pursued. At
any rate, I really don’t like parties or any social gathering involving more
than a few people. I endure them. Sometimes
I end up having more fun than I thought I would, but that’s about the most
positive spin I can give it.
As a shy
child and introverted adult, I’ve always preferred to be on the sidelines. I much
prefer writing to speaking. Not that I’m
completely anti-social: I’ve always had
some friends, and I’ve always had the ability to get along with just about any
personality type. At work, I don’t mind
sharing ideas and contributing in small groups or meetings that make sense to
me, but being forced into group work in school, then in the workplace, is a lot
for most introverts to handle, especially if it’s something that we perceive as
silly. Most of us manage to do it, but
it becomes tiresome after a while, draining us of energy that we feel we could
use for other things. I recognize kindred spirits when I’m out: the
gentleman sitting quietly in a corner in Starbucks on his laptop; the woman dining
alone for lunch (as I often do), a book in one hand, a fork in the other. Sometimes we introverts want to be where we
can see and hear other people, we just may not want to interact directly.
Many of
us are made to feel that there’s something inherently wrong with being how we are.
We’re told we’re supposed to
be more extroverted, more assertive, more like the “life of the party”
type.
From a
report card of mine in elementary school:
“A good student, but she needs to
participate more in class.”
From a
performance evaluation at a former job: “Has
a sharp mind and could really get ahead if she would just be more assertive.”
And even
from assorted family members and family friends during my childhood: “She really needs to come out of her shell!”;
“Wow, she’s really a bookworm, isn’t she?”
Recently,
I read the book Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can’t Stop
Talking, by Susan Cain. In it, the
author discusses the emergence of the different personality types in infancy
and childhood and discusses why there is a need in society for both personality
types. One of my favorite examples she
used was the unlikely pairing of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., a powerful public
speaker and extrovert, with Ms. Rosa Parks, a quiet, unassuming, middle-aged
lady who managed to change history with one action. From the book:
“Montgomery, Alabama. December 1, 1955. Early evening. A public bus pulls to a stop and a sensibly
dressed woman in her forties gets on. She
carries herself erectly, despite having spent the day bent over an ironing
board in a dingy basement tailor shop at the Montgomery Fair department store.
Her feet are swollen, her shoulders ache.
She sits in the first row of the Colored section and watches quietly as
the bus fills with riders. Until the driver orders her to give her seat to a
white passenger.
“The woman utters a single word that
ignites one of the most important civil rights protests of the twentieth
century, one word that helps America find its better self.
“The word is ‘No.’”
Cain
goes on to describe the arrest of Rosa Parks and subsequent Montgomery Bus
Boycott, where a fiery Martin Luther King, Jr. took up the fight and allied his
charismatic personality to the voice of the quiet woman. She had done her job, now it was time for him
to do his. Cain continues:
“I had always imagined Rosa Parks
as a stately woman with a bold temperament, someone who could easily stand up
to a busload of glowering passengers.
But when she died in 2005 at the age of ninety-two, the flood of
obituaries recalled her as soft-spoken, sweet, and small in stature. They said she was ‘timid and shy’ but had
‘the courage of a lion’. They were full
of phrases like ‘radical humility’ and ‘quiet fortitude’.”
Cain
even goes on to speculate that the Civil Rights movement itself seemed to gain
a critical momentum at the moment that King partnered with Parks:
“As
with other complimentary pairings…..humanity would be unrecognizable, and
vastly diminished, without both personality styles.
“Take the partnership of Rosa
Parks and Martin Luther King Jr.: a formidable orator refusing to give up his
seat on a segregated bus wouldn’t have had the same effect as a modest woman
who’d clearly prefer to keep silent but for the exigencies of the situation.
And Parks didn’t have the stuff to thrill a crowd if she’d tried to stand up
and announce that she had a dream. But
with King’s help, she didn’t have to.”
In fact,
Cain surmises, the very lives of our early human ancestors depended upon the
existence of both the cautious, thinking, introverts and the bold, risk-taking
extroverts, which is why both personality types likely survived in modern
humans. Mythology and history have many
examples of both personality types, sometimes working in partnership with each
other. Another famous historical
partnership is Franklin Delano and Eleanor Roosevelt. He was the exuberant, charming politician; Eleanor, quiet and more introspective, was his
compass for the many pressing social issues of the time. Together they changed history.
The
section of the book on school-aged introverts really hit home for me, bringing
back a lot of uncomfortable memories.
Cain states:
“The truth is that many schools
are designed for extroverts. Introverts need different kinds of instruction
from extroverts, writes the College of William and Mary education scholars Jill
Burruss and Lisa Kaenzig. And too often ‘very little is made available to that
learner except constant advice on becoming more social and gregarious.’”
“The school environment can be
highly unnatural, especially from the perspective of an introverted child who
loves to work intensely on projects he cares about, and hang out with one or
two friends at a time. In the morning, the door to the bus opens and discharges
its occupants in a noisy, jostling mass. Academic classes are dominated by
group discussion in which a teacher prods him to speak up. He eats lunch in the
cacophonous din of the cafeteria, where he has to jockey for a place at a
crowded table. Worst of all, there’s little time to think or create. The
structure of the day is almost guaranteed to sap his energy rather than
stimulate it.”
I
remember feeling this way as a child, and thinking there was something abnormal
about me. Turns out, I was reacting
exactly as I should according to my personality type. I remember a conversation with a friend years
ago – every weekend she and her husband entertained, inviting a lot of people
to their home. I asked her how she could
stand it all the time, especially since she also worked full time, like I
did. Weekends, for me, were “downtime”
from work, when I could be with my family and spend quiet time reading or
gardening. Being around a lot of people
energized her, she said. And there lies
one of the main differences between introverts and extroverts: most extroverts crave company, being around
other people. Introverts like me are
fine interacting with other people and even socializing now and then at parties
and other activities, but we need time away from it as well, time to recharge.
Many
introverts consider “small talk” a waste of time and therefore we are not very
good at it. However, when participating in
discussions about a hobby or interest, or a social issue we care deeply about,
we can talk at length and be perfectly comfortable doing so. Many of us consider the “team building”
exercises in which we are forced to participate in the workplace a silly waste
of time. But when we’re in a meeting
discussing real problems and issues, we often have the ideas that will work to
solve these issues, providing we aren’t out-talked by our more exuberant
peers.
Cain
suggests the rise of what she labels the “New Groupthink” and “Extrovert
Ideal”, from Dale Carnegie’s publication of “How to Win Friends and Influence
People” first published in 1936, to Tony Robbins’ more modern energy-filled
motivational seminars, has led people to
believe that extroversion is the “correct” way to be. Many of these campaigns such as “team
building” encourage group work at the expense of working in solitude, trying to
convince those of us who choose a quieter, more introspective way of life to
turn ourselves into high-achieving extroverts, and making us think that we’ve
fallen short of some kind of universal goal if we don’t achieve that - or
worse, don’t even want that - for ourselves.
Cain
discusses cultures such as those of Japan and China where being more “quiet” is an asset rather than a
liability, and explains how some Asians attend classes on how to be more
assertive and fit in better with the more boisterous American business
ideal.
I was
lucky enough to be raised by parents, quiet people themselves, who appreciated me
for who I was rather than try to turn me into someone they wanted me to be, so
I was essentially left alone to read, play, or just sit and think as much as I
wanted. Some kids are not so lucky, and
the childhoods of some introverts can be especially traumatizing, many not
finding a niche until they’re older and out on their own. I think the tide
might be turning, however, on public perception of people like me. Some schools are beginning to appreciate the
attributes of introverted children as well, and many teachers are recognizing
that, as Cain stresses in the book, introverts are not smarter than extroverts, but they do learn in different ways.
Introverts,
in our own way, are beginning to become more assertive and demand our rightful
place at the table – just not always vocally, for some of us. Many more progressive workplaces are making
adjustments for the different personalities of their employees. New technology has made different kinds of
communication possible, some companies even ask employees if they prefer to
work in a team or work in solitude, and “team meetings” are not always held
around a table where the more vocal people talk over the quieter folks. The internet and social media are wonderful
outlets for introverts, since it gives us a totally new way to communicate. We sometimes have a lot to say, for those who
will take the time to listen.
And here's a link to the Myers-Briggs test (also called the Jung typology test, since it's based on research done by famed psychologist Carl Jung) if you wish to see where you score yourself:
http://www.humanmetrics.com/cgi-win/JTypes2.asp
